![]() ![]() ![]() Įastern Orthodox theology is based on the Scriptures and holy tradition, which incorporates the dogmatic decrees of the seven ecumenical councils, and the teaching of the Church Fathers. The Eastern Orthodox Church officially calls itself the Orthodox Catholic Church. As one of the oldest surviving religious institutions in the world, the Eastern Orthodox Church has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. The church has no central doctrinal or governmental authority analogous to the head of the Catholic Church-the pope-but the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognized by them as primus inter pares ("first among equals"). It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via local synods. The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. Christ Pantocrator, sixth century, Saint Catherine's Monastery, Sinai the oldest known icon of Christ, in one of the oldest monasteries in the world ![]()
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